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around the same timeframe. An 'Electronics Australia' project."Ken Taylor" <ken@home.nz> wrote in message
news:4JoOc.7106$N77.369727@news.xtra.co.nz
--
I have a chess computer here at home that uses a 6502. Plays a crap
game, and mighty slowly, but a chess computer it is!
In '78-'79 Popular Electronics had a computer chess project with a
"2650", which I remember noticing was a 6502 with the digits rearranged.
Apparently it was a completely different CPU.
Yeah, I built my first computer with that CPU, way back when, probably
There's no guarantee the LEDs will share the current equally due to
internal
differences (even between LEDs of a similar batch). You will at best get
one
or two at different brightness, at worse one or more LEDs will be totally
off. Hence the preference to use the seperate resistors.
Si.
"wylbur37" <wylbur37nospam@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:8028c236.0407310039.45737ad0@posting.google.com...
When using an LED from a power source whose voltage is higher than the
rating of the LED, a resistor is typically used.
If more than one LED is to be used (let's say three),
each one would have its own respective resistor,
and the schematic would look something like this ...
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
| | | |
| | | |
| LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
power | | |
source | | |
| resistor-1 resistor-2 resistor-3
| | | |
| | | |
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
But if all the LEDs were of the same voltage and amperage
(e.g., if they were all of the typical 3.6V 20mA),
isn't there a simpler way to do this by using only ONE resistor?
In other words, can't it be done like the following ?
+--------------+-----------+-----------+---
| | | |
| | | |
power LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
source | | |
| | | |
| | | |
+---resistor---+-----------+-----------+---
And what would be the proper value of the resistor?
(I'm guessing it would be one third of what it was in the first diagram
because the required voltage reduction would be the same but the
effective current draw of the 3-LED assembly would be three times what
it
was before.
So if the power source were 6V and the LEDs were 3.6V and 20mA each,
then the required resistance would be 120 ohms in the first case
and 40 ohms in the second case. Correct?)
But see my other followup about the negative temperature coefficientI agree that there is no guarantee about the internal characteristics
of
similar diodes. But then this argument equally holds true for the
first
diagram - if they all used 300 ohm resistors you couldn't gurantee
that they
all glowed identically, just the same as if you powered all three
through a
single 100 ohm resistor.
My answer to the original question is -- Yes that should work and yes
the
resitor will need to be a third the value of the individual ones in
the
first diagram. Yes the diodes might differ internally but in my
opinion the
differences will be small and I doubt that you will notice them. Give
it a
try.
Cheers,
Nigel
"si" <'blu_glo_uk@yahoo.com'> wrote in message
news:xOKOc.87$E25.0@newsfe3-gui.ntli.net...
There's no guarantee the LEDs will share the current equally due to
internal
differences (even between LEDs of a similar batch). You will at best
get
one
or two at different brightness, at worse one or more LEDs will be
totally
off. Hence the preference to use the seperate resistors.
Si.
"wylbur37" <wylbur37nospam@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:8028c236.0407310039.45737ad0@posting.google.com...
When using an LED from a power source whose voltage is higher than
the
rating of the LED, a resistor is typically used.
If more than one LED is to be used (let's say three),
each one would have its own respective resistor,
and the schematic would look something like this ...
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
| | | |
| | | |
| LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
power | | |
source | | |
| resistor-1 resistor-2 resistor-3
| | | |
| | | |
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
But if all the LEDs were of the same voltage and amperage
(e.g., if they were all of the typical 3.6V 20mA),
isn't there a simpler way to do this by using only ONE resistor?
In other words, can't it be done like the following ?
+--------------+-----------+-----------+---
| | | |
| | | |
power LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
source | | |
| | | |
| | | |
+---resistor---+-----------+-----------+---
And what would be the proper value of the resistor?
(I'm guessing it would be one third of what it was in the first
diagram
because the required voltage reduction would be the same but the
effective current draw of the 3-LED assembly would be three times
what
it
was before.
So if the power source were 6V and the LEDs were 3.6V and 20mA
each,
then the required resistance would be 120 ohms in the first case
and 40 ohms in the second case. Correct?)
Actually you still need the resistor even when the voltage is at theWhen using an LED from a power source whose voltage is higher than the
rating of the LED, a resistor is typically used.
Right. It's the correct way to get uniform brightness among the set.If more than one LED is to be used (let's say three),
each one would have its own respective resistor,
and the schematic would look something like this ...
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
| | | |
| | | |
| LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
power | | |
source | | |
| resistor-1 resistor-2 resistor-3
| | | |
| | | |
+----------+-----------+-----------+--------------
It serves the safety purpose, but then you get variability on the brightnessBut if all the LEDs were of the same voltage and amperage
(e.g., if they were all of the typical 3.6V 20mA),
isn't there a simpler way to do this by using only ONE resistor?
In other words, can't it be done like the following ?
+--------------+-----------+-----------+---
| | | |
| | | |
power LED-1 LED-2 LED-3
source | | |
| | | |
| | | |
+---resistor---+-----------+-----------+---
Single resistor value divided by the number of LEDs across it.And what would be the proper value of the resistor?
Right. But see the caveat above.(I'm guessing it would be one third of what it was in the first diagram
because the required voltage reduction would be the same but the
effective current draw of the 3-LED assembly would be three times what it
was before.
So if the power source were 6V and the LEDs were 3.6V and 20mA each,
then the required resistance would be 120 ohms in the first case
and 40 ohms in the second case. Correct?)
HAH! Cheapest IR-pass filters I was able to find, whether gell, plastic,I have never found any economy in building what I can buy. Just takes
to much time. You can buy inexpensive IR gells from which you can cut
Performance is secondary to price. A "real" illuminator with any kind ofPerformance wise though, it is going to be hard to beat a real IR
illuminator like what is use on night vision devices.
Replace "all" with "most", and I'll buy into that last statement. SomeOh by the way,
all CCD sensors are sensitive to IR (down to 1300nm) light.
Howdy!
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in message
news:nscPc.68615$SO5.10808@twister.socal.rr.com...
DeMoN LaG wrote:
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in
newstbPc.68611$SO5.47788 @twister.socal.rr.com:
Go ogle. It's ACPI.
ACPI and APIC are two different things. Go ogle yourself.
There are 4 entries. NOTHING to do with System IRQ's is mentioned
in them. That would be ACPI.
Four? I get 54,200 on "Advanced Programmable Interface
Controller",
Howdy!
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in message
newstbPc.68611$SO5.47788@twister.socal.rr.com...
Ralph Wade Phillips wrote:
Howdy!
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in message
news:GtZOc.65170$SO5.55361@twister.socal.rr.com...
Ralph Wade Phillips wrote:
Howdy!
"Xolak the gladiatorial"
Nz7JuSXbBkqF@alt.binaries.pictures.erotica.blonde> wrote in
message
news:tW07o0X3HBYb413D7395X5em8OpZVDRL@alt.binaries.pictures.erotica.blonde...
Linda wrote:
15 is the highest IRQ number.
BWAHAHAHAHAAH!!! You fuckwitted, top-posting slut. I have IRQ's
up to 24.
One abbreviation for you - APIC .
APIC? *APIC* ??
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
shakes head
Advanced Programmable Interface Controller. Yes, on
P4/Athlon boards there are typically 24 hardware interrupts if you
turn APIC on.
RwP
Go ogle. It's ACPI.
I know about ACPI. I'm talking about APIC. Two different
things.
Advanced Programmable Interface Controller. Why, the P4 at
my feet has one, installed, and therefore has 24 hardware IRQs.
ACPI is Advanced Configuration and Power Interface - not
quite the same thing.
the Wiz wrote:
John <ham.g0wll@virgin.net> wrote:
Sometime in the dim and distant past I remember seeing a DIY circuit
that would allow two channels to be displayed, presumably by switching
rapidly from one to the other. Has anyone tried this and does it work!?
If so can you give a web-page address, please?
Yes, there have been a number of switch designs to provide "chopped"
access to
the single scope input. If the signal bandwidth is low enough and the
switch
"chop" speed is high enough, it can be used - but primarily for audio
signals.
You should be able to do it with chopping or switching once per scan.
I've used dual trace scopes which have a toggle switch to alternate
that behaviour. I guess you need a scope with a sync output for that to
work which might be quite unlikely on a low-end scope. However, it
would require much lower swithcing bandwidth.
One would need to add in a switch so you can route one or the other
signals in to the oscilloscope's sync input. If it has a seperate sync
input, of course.
-Ed
--
(You can't go wrong with psycho-rats.) (er258)(@)(eng.cam)(.ac.uk)
/d{def}def/f{/Times findfont s scalefont setfont}d/s{10}d/r{roll}d f 5/m
{moveto}d -1 r 230 350 m 0 1 179{1 index show 88 rotate 4 mul 0 rmoveto}
for /s 15 d f pop 240 420 m 0 1 3 { 4 2 1 r sub -1 r show } for showpage
Let's put it this way - if you're changing "resolution" (pixel"Mjolinor" <mjolinor@hotmail.com> wrote in message
newsquPc.694$IE4.510@newsfe2-gui.ntli.net...
The scan frequencies do not necessarily change at all when you change
the
resolution.
What I said was they do not necessarily change, "there is nothing in the
sync rates that denote the resolution of the image" is what I meant by
that,
obviously you have to fit them into a frame so one or the other or both
must
vary for that to happen.
No, there really aren't. IF you happen to be looking at an imageThis is incorrect, there are 1024 discrete analogue values.
Sure, but that's a specific (and very fortunate) case. Again,You can show
this easily on an oscilloscope by looking at one line from a black field
with a one pixel width vertical white line.
you just need something to keep occupied with. Like polishing old CDs.HAH! Cheapest IR-pass filters I was able to find, whether gell, plastic,
or glass, are *WAY* beyond my budget for this sort of tinkering. Besides
- Doing it myself is (A) Entertaining (B) Educational and (C) a fun
challenge. (Hmm... maybe C should read "both of the above?")
Is unexposed but developed scrap slide film beyond your budget? Perhaps
which is why I suggested to remove the thing and replace it with clearReplace "all" with "most", and I'll buy into that last statement. Some
of them are very IR sensitive. Others barely notice IR at all, while
still others are effectively totally blind to it. Depends on the maker
and the process they used. External pre-filtering obviously effects the
accuracy of that statement...
The CCD sensors are before they place a high pass filter in front of it
Not 1024 values. Take this example: with some older, cheaper videoquote you "frequencies almost always change"
quote me "frequencies do not necessarily change "
What is the difference between those two statements apart from maybe
pessimist versus optimist.
If there are not 1024 discrete analogue values in the signal what the hell
are there.
It's called a low pass filter.There is an AtoD producing 1024 discrete voltage values and no
ammount "you can't see them" makes them something else. I am not saying you
do anything with them I am just saying that there lies the difference
between the two resolutions, in one there may be 800 and in the other, it is
probably faster (but not necessarily so) there are 1024 of them.
Maybe I will look at your book it would be interesting to learn about the
magic of a device that produces 1024 output voltages but miraculously when
they get to the end of the wire they are not there anymore.![]()
I pointed out that the link does in fact work and it was alsoStuart wrote:
Mark Ranxton wrote:
"We can't find
"http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/datashts/290566.htm""
Actually that link is for Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
anyway not what he trid to search for.
Just exactly how fucking dumb are you, snot for brains? Did you even bother
looking at what was written, you know, the fucking shit you snipped,
cheesestickdick?
Fuck me dead, some cunts are stupid.
Depends heavily on the BIOS and what they have modified. APIC does not HaveJT wrote:
On Sun, 01 Aug 2004 20:33:23 GMT, "relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net
wrote:
DeMoN LaG wrote:
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in
newstbPc.68611$SO5.47788 @twister.socal.rr.com:
Go ogle. It's ACPI.
ACPI and APIC are two different things. Go ogle yourself.
There are 4 entries. NOTHING to do with System IRQ's is mentioned
in them. That would be ACPI.
http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/sysperf/IO-APIC.mspx#XSLTsection127121120120
Microsofts info on APIC. Google for "APIC interupt" and you won't
get all the noise of non-related links
I probably sounded like I'm trying to argue that it's /not/ APIC, it's that I
saw advice to the OP about using APIC. I believe the option in BIOS is ACPI,
not APIC; at least it is on the motherboards I've seen lately. You have to
enable ACPI to get APIC.
I said, "Advanced Programmable Interface Controller" didn't in the context ofOn Mon, 02 Aug 2004 17:19:34 GMT, "relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net
wrote:
JT wrote:
On Sun, 01 Aug 2004 20:33:23 GMT, "relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net
wrote:
DeMoN LaG wrote:
"relic" <nospam@relic211.cjb.net> wrote in
newstbPc.68611$SO5.47788 @twister.socal.rr.com:
Go ogle. It's ACPI.
ACPI and APIC are two different things. Go ogle yourself.
There are 4 entries. NOTHING to do with System IRQ's is mentioned
in them. That would be ACPI.
http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/sysperf/IO-APIC.mspx#XSLTsection127121120120
Microsofts info on APIC. Google for "APIC interupt" and you won't
get all the noise of non-related links
I probably sounded like I'm trying to argue that it's /not/ APIC,
it's that I saw advice to the OP about using APIC. I believe the
option in BIOS is ACPI, not APIC; at least it is on the motherboards
I've seen lately. You have to enable ACPI to get APIC.
Depends heavily on the BIOS and what they have modified. APIC does
not Have to depend on ACPI.
You came across as though APIC didn't exist, which it very much does.
That was confusing as I wrote it and I admitted to that already. The BIOSYou also came across as though APIC didn't have anything to do with
IRQs and sharing, which it very much does.
Here it is, *4* google results that have nothing to do with IRQs:You also said that there
were only 4 google results and they had nothing to do with IRQs. That
was just wrong.
Isn't there software readily available for creating facial images?I read in sci.electronics.design that Frank Bemelman <f.bemelmanx@xs4all
.invalid.nl> wrote (in <410fec77$0$36860$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>about
'OT: The youngest Thompson', on Tue, 3 Aug 2004:
Big deal. There are millions of (normal) pictures of children on the
net.
But IMHO, there should not be. You can e-mail your kidpix to your
friends, or, if you must, put them on an UNLINKED page on your web site
and e-mail the URL to your friends.
One more won't upset the paedophiles community.
No, but if that 'one more' happens to be the one that's appropriated,
the family of the victim may be significantly 'upset', even at just the
thought of the possibility.
Thanks for the compliment, but you know I'm ugly as sin, but AllisonOn Tue, 03 Aug 2004 15:24:41 -0700, the renowned Jim Thompson
thegreatone@example.com> wrote:
Only Spehro knows what I really look like. I don't think anyone else
on these groups has ever even seen a photo.
...Jim Thompson
Allison Rose looks more than a bit like him, IMO, but that's little
help for anyone with nefarious porpoises in mind.
Best regards,
Spehro Pefhany
In article <6b963d7f.0408030903.7bc42a96@posting.google.com>,
ziliath@myway.com (ziliath) wrote:
Boris Mohar <borism_-void-_@sympatico.ca> wrote in message
news:<u36rg018v90lmbcgqf553h5ae90hv75dug@4ax.com>...
On Sun, 1 Aug 2004 09:40:48 -0400, "Michael A. Covington"
look@ai.uga.edu.for.address> wrote:
I paid $10 at the local computer shop because I was in a rush. You can
get
CR2032 from Digikey for $0.53 ea. P189-ND
I was told by the guy at Batteries Plus that you have to spot weld
the wires to the battery because soldering gets the battery too hot.
My Thinkpad 560x didn't have a battery holder included.
Screw that... Just install a battery holder for the darn thing so you
can swap it easily next time it dies.
I'm sure everyone is, by now, aware that I had a fatal computer crash.
Fortunately it's all backed up.
Question: How do I restore Internet Explorer's Favorites, Cookies,
etc.??
...Jim Thompson
--
| James E.Thompson, P.E. | mens |
| Analog Innovations, Inc. | et |
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems | manus |
| Phoenix, Arizona Voice480)460-2350 | |
| E-mail Address at Website Fax480)460-2142 | Brass Rat |
| http://www.analog-innovations.com | 1962 |
I love to cook with wine. Sometimes I even put it in the food.
Exactly. And since the monitor does NOT see anyIt has no meaning at all in the practical sense but I wasn't talking in a
practical sense. The original question wasn't aimed at understanding
things
that deeply he was concerned at to what the difference was in the signals
that allowed the monitor to "know" and react to what was going on in the
changed signal from the PC.
There's not even a need to examine it THAT fast; forI attempted to explain the changes in this
signal without the complex analysis that a full explanation would require.
I
don't think it would serve any purpose for basic understanding to go into
the finite bandwidth of devices and the instantaneous voltage when
examined
several orders of magnitude faster than the pixel rate involved.