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PVC as radome

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Dennis
Guest

Wed Aug 25, 2010 3:07 am   



"Dave Platt" <dplatt_at_radagast.org> wrote in message
news:jjgdk7-m01.ln1_at_radagast.org...
Quote:
I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts). RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe.
Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through
Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

PVC does introduce some loss and some de-tuning. A lot of hams use it
(e.g. for radomes on simple twin-lead J-pole antennas), but it's
difficult to predict whether any specific batch will have a low enough
loss to meet your requirements. Since it isn't being manufactured with
RF characteristics in mind, different batches or brands may be
significantly different in their RF behavior.

The suggestion to stick a few inches in a microwave (with a cup of
water some distance away), zap it for a few seconds, and see if it
heats up is a good one. It's not a certain test, of course, but if
the tube does warm up appreciably when exposed to microwaves, it's
probably not a good choice at UHF.

How large a diameter to you require? If it's anywhere up to 2.5" OD,
you might want to get some fiberglass tubing from Max-Gain Systems...
fiberglass-and-resin is a traditional RF radome material and it may have
lower losses than PVC.

If this is a one-off project, you might want to consider making
your own radome, using fiberglass cloth and resin... you could
probably fabricate a radome which has a thinner wall than most
commercial fiberglass or PVC pipe.

--
Dave Platt <dplatt_at_radagast.org> AE6EO
Friends of Jade Warrior home page: http://www.radagast.org/jade-warrior
I do _not_ wish to receive unsolicited commercial email, and I will
boycott any company which has the gall to send me such ads!



Perhaps look at model rocketry suppliers. They use f/g tubes for rocket
fuselages - from an inch or so up to 6" diameter.

GregS
Guest

Wed Aug 25, 2010 6:52 pm   



In article <03515ab9-6823-4af3-8892-5184f88b810a_at_k10g2000yqa.googlegroups.com>, whit3rd <whit3rd_at_gmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
On Aug 24, 9:59=A0am, Tim Wescott <t...@seemywebsite.com> wrote:

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radom=
e,
and am concerned about RF losses.

If you're going to do this for production, you'd be smart to set up a
test range and check every pipe, or at least every lot of pipe, before
you use it. =A0Stuff like that can vary in how it's manufactured as long
as it does the job for which it's intended and marketed -- and radomes
isn't one of those jobs.

Exactly.
Pure PVC is white, not gray; that color is a pigment of some sort, and
the manufacturer of 'schedule 40' pipe is making his tests on burst
strength, not RF absorption. It wouldn't be unlikely for the
labeling
ink on the pipe to be active in this case, either (hematite is a
common
pigment).

I once painted black the piece covering a coil on a CB or other
type of antenna. That screwed that up pretty good.
I found different black paints have different characteristics.
Some make pretty good ED shielding or grounding.

Allright, I want some PVC to stick in the microwave, anyone ?
I'm thinking of other stuff at The Home Depot !!

greg

Wimpie
Guest

Wed Aug 25, 2010 10:45 pm   



On 25 ago, 19:52, zekfr...@zekfrivolous.com (GregS) wrote:
Quote:
In article <03515ab9-6823-4af3-8892-5184f88b8...@k10g2000yqa.googlegroups..com>, whit3rd <whit...@gmail.com> wrote:



On Aug 24, 9:59=A0am, Tim Wescott <t...@seemywebsite.com> wrote:

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radom> >e,
and am concerned about RF losses.

If you're going to do this for production, you'd be smart to set up a
test range and check every pipe, or at least every lot of pipe, before
you use it. =A0Stuff like that can vary in how it's manufactured as long
as it does the job for which it's intended and marketed -- and radomes
isn't one of those jobs.

Exactly.
Pure PVC is white, not gray; that color is a pigment of some sort, and
the manufacturer of 'schedule 40' pipe is making his tests on burst
strength, not RF absorption.   It wouldn't be unlikely for the
labeling
ink on the pipe to be active in this case, either (hematite is a
common
pigment).

I once painted black the piece covering a coil on a CB or other
type of antenna. That screwed that up pretty good.
I found different black paints have different characteristics.
Some make pretty good ED shielding or grounding.

Allright, I want some PVC to stick in the microwave, anyone ?
I'm thinking of other stuff at The Home Depot !!

greg

Hello Greg,

Using the microwave oven test is nice to compare two or more
materials, but you still don't know whether the best (or worse)
material matches your requirements. When the shape of the materials
differs, you may get strange (unreliable) results.

Properties of paint amaze me also (huge difference in reflectivity and
transmissivity). Some (spray) paints with metallic look do virtually
not block the (UHF) signal.

I ones used black thick polycarbonate sheets as an antenna cover
(mechanically heavy loaded). It did detune the antenna somewhat, but
after retuning I couldn't measure the difference in produced field
(w.r.t. uncovered situation, mid UHF situation). With black material
I am always afraid to encounter too high carbon black levels.

Best regards,


Wim
PA3DJS
www.tetech.nl
without abc, PM will reach me.

Ian Iveson
Guest

Wed Aug 25, 2010 11:50 pm   



Wimpie wrote:

Using the microwave oven test is nice to compare two or more
materials, but you still don't know whether the best (or
worse)
material matches your requirements. When the shape of the
materials
differs, you may get strange (unreliable) results.

Properties of paint amaze me also (huge difference in
reflectivity and
transmissivity). Some (spray) paints with metallic look do
virtually
not block the (UHF) signal.

**They use flakes of stuff with optical properties like
mica, or "fools gold".

I ones used black thick polycarbonate sheets as an antenna
cover
(mechanically heavy loaded). It did detune the antenna
somewhat, but
after retuning I couldn't measure the difference in produced
field
(w.r.t. uncovered situation, mid UHF situation). With black
material
I am always afraid to encounter too high carbon black
levels.

**Black is the riskiest colour for RF welding of PVC. Clear
(pure PVC is clear pale blue) is the most predictable. We
assumed that the problem was the use of carbon black, but
never found out for sure. Another problem is metallic
inclusions, which resulted in spectacular fireworks and blew
holes in the brass tooling.

**Handle also made a big difference. Rigid is hard to weld,
and very soft is too easy and heat build-up in the tooling
can melt the surface before the inside. Different fillers,
such as chalk, make a difference, especially if they hold
water.

**The chlorine is polar so the chains wriggle in an AC
field. Shorter chains, especially when the structure is
loosened by the addition of plasticiser, mean more
wriggling. Presumably energy is lost in the breaking and
remaking of whatever bonds hold the chains together.

**Dunno what this has to do with radio waves. It does
illustrate how much variation there is in the material, as
others have pointed out.

**The chlorine inhibits fire, incidentally. PVC in
electrical installations can be fire-prone because of its
electrical properties, but the risk of a serious fire is
considered acceptably small.

Ian

Paul Keinanen
Guest

Thu Aug 26, 2010 6:47 am   



On Tue, 24 Aug 2010 10:56:37 -0500, "blanker"
<shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:

Quote:
Hello,

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts). RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe. Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

How are you going to accurately measure a 0.5 dB drop of the RF field?

Anyone (at least on Earth) are going to ask for trouble by designing a
radio link with only 0.5 dB fade margin Smile.

mpm
Guest

Thu Aug 26, 2010 8:16 pm   



On Aug 26, 12:47 am, Paul Keinanen <keina...@sci.fi> wrote:
Quote:
On Tue, 24 Aug 2010 10:56:37 -0500, "blanker"

shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:
Hello,

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts).  RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe.  Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

How are you going to accurately measure a 0.5 dB drop of the RF field?

Anyone (at least on Earth) are going to ask for trouble by designing a
radio link with only 0.5 dB fade margin Smile.

A 0.5dB loss at the transmitter is not the same thing as a 0.5dB fade
margin.

RST Engineering
Guest

Sun Aug 29, 2010 7:24 pm   



On Tue, 24 Aug 2010 17:29:08 -0700 (PDT), whit3rd <whit3rd_at_gmail.com>
wrote:

Quote:
On Aug 24, 9:59 am, Tim Wescott <t...@seemywebsite.com> wrote:

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

If you're going to do this for production, you'd be smart to set up a
test range and check every pipe, or at least every lot of pipe, before
you use it.  Stuff like that can vary in how it's manufactured as long
as it does the job for which it's intended and marketed -- and radomes
isn't one of those jobs.

Exactly.
Pure PVC is white, not gray; that color is a pigment of some sort, and
the manufacturer of 'schedule 40' pipe is making his tests on burst
strength, not RF absorption. It wouldn't be unlikely for the
labeling
ink on the pipe to be active in this case, either (hematite is a
common
pigment).

And the ink comes off quite easily with lacquer thinner or acetone.

Exactly what "uhf" frequencie(s) are you using?

Jim

miso@sushi.com
Guest

Mon Aug 30, 2010 8:18 am   



On Aug 24, 8:56 am, "blanker" <shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:
Quote:
Hello,

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts).  RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe.  Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

---------------------------------------        
Posted throughhttp://www.Electronics-Related.com

401MHz. Are you a fed?

This topic has been covered often on the group. You can put the PVC in
a microwave oven, but you need to put some water in the oven as well.
I don't recall the details, but the topic can been covered before.

PVC detunes antennas, at least in wifi land. You can roll your own
fiberglass radome material. Not cheap. Tap Plastics has all the
materials. Since you used a funny list (Electronics-Related.com), I
think I'll save myself the hassle of explaining how to make composites
in your garage since I suspect you are not going to get my reply.

RST Engineering
Guest

Mon Aug 30, 2010 8:51 pm   



On Sun, 29 Aug 2010 22:18:17 -0700 (PDT), "miso_at_sushi.com"
<miso_at_sushi.com> wrote:

Quote:
On Aug 24, 8:56 am, "blanker" <shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:

401MHz. Are you a fed?

This topic has been covered often on the group. You can put the PVC in
a microwave oven, but you need to put some water in the oven as well.
I don't recall the details, but the topic can been covered before.


A microwave oven at 2.4 GHz. will tell you little, if anything about
something at 400 MHz. I'd probably experiment with lots of different
off the shelf plastics. TAP, as you noted, has a pretty good
selection of plastic tubing to experiment with.

Jim

Paul Keinanen
Guest

Mon Aug 30, 2010 9:36 pm   



On Mon, 30 Aug 2010 12:51:41 -0700, RST Engineering
<jweir43_at_gmail.com> wrote:

Quote:
On Sun, 29 Aug 2010 22:18:17 -0700 (PDT), "miso_at_sushi.com"
miso_at_sushi.com> wrote:

On Aug 24, 8:56 am, "blanker" <shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:

401MHz. Are you a fed?

This topic has been covered often on the group. You can put the PVC in
a microwave oven, but you need to put some water in the oven as well.
I don't recall the details, but the topic can been covered before.


A microwave oven at 2.4 GHz. will tell you little, if anything about
something at 400 MHz. I'd probably experiment with lots of different
off the shelf plastics. TAP, as you noted, has a pretty good
selection of plastic tubing to experiment with.

If the material has some kind of resonance around 400 or 2400 MHz, the
microwave oven test does not tell much.

However, most materials are either lossy on both 400 and 2400 MHz or
have a very low loss at those two frequencies, so the microwave oven
test will give some useful information.

Wimpie
Guest

Mon Aug 30, 2010 11:43 pm   



On 30 ago, 07:18, "m...@sushi.com" <m...@sushi.com> wrote:
Quote:
On Aug 24, 8:56 am, "blanker" <shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:



Hello,

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts).  RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe.  Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

---------------------------------------        
Posted throughhttp://www.Electronics-Related.com

401MHz. Are you a fed?

This topic has been covered often on the group. You can put the PVC in
a microwave oven, but you need to put some water in the oven as well.
I don't recall the details, but the topic can been covered before.

PVC detunes antennas, at least in wifi land. You can roll your own
fiberglass radome material. Not cheap. Tap Plastics has all the
materials. Since you used a funny list (Electronics-Related.com), I
think I'll save myself the hassle of explaining how to make composites
in your garage since I suspect you are not going to get my reply.

You may be right, there is zero reply from Blanker...

Wim

miso@sushi.com
Guest

Tue Aug 31, 2010 11:06 am   



On Aug 30, 1:43 pm, Wimpie <wimabc...@tetech.nl> wrote:
Quote:
On 30 ago, 07:18, "m...@sushi.com" <m...@sushi.com> wrote:



On Aug 24, 8:56 am, "blanker" <shamale_at_n_o_s_p_a_m.hotmail.com> wrote:

Hello,

I am attempting to use a schedule 40, grey PVC pipe as an antenna radome,
and am concerned about RF losses.

My application is a UHF transmitter with an output power of 40 Watts (46
dBm) into an omnidirectional antenna with 3 dB gain, or total estimated
EIRP of 49 dBm (80 Watts).  RF is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP)
emissions at an operating frequency of 401 MHz.

I cannot tolerate more than about a half dB loss through the PVC pipe..  Are
there any significant RF losses in radiating such a signal through Schedule
40, grey PVC pipe?

---------------------------------------        
Posted throughhttp://www.Electronics-Related.com

401MHz. Are you a fed?

This topic has been covered often on the group. You can put the PVC in
a microwave oven, but you need to put some water in the oven as well.
I don't recall the details, but the topic can been covered before.

PVC detunes antennas, at least in wifi land. You can roll your own
fiberglass radome material. Not cheap. Tap Plastics has all the
materials. Since you used a funny list (Electronics-Related.com), I
think I'll save myself the hassle of explaining how to make composites
in your garage since I suspect you are not going to get my reply.

You may be right, there is zero reply from Blanker...

Wim

Yeah, I keep forgetting not to answer posts from those spambots.
However, radome design sure is an interesting area of interest. These
UAVs have huge radomes as part of the airframe itself to support the
satellite links. The same for links to troops on the ground. I suspect
radome design is a good guru discipline. The market probably doesn't
support many with such knowledge, but those that know the biz probably
do alright. Note these UAV radomes have structural problems as well as
RF properties.

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